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Beam Load Calculator

Determines load capacity, deflection, and stress on structural beams by span and load

Total length of the beam between supports

Uniformly distributed load along the beam

Width of the beam cross-section

Depth (height) of the beam cross-section

Total Load

Total distributed load on the beam (span x load/ft)

Max Bending Moment

Maximum bending moment at midspan (wL²/8)

Section Modulus

Geometric property of the beam cross-section (bd²/6)

Max Bending Stress

Peak stress in the beam (moment x 12 / section modulus)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is bending stress in a beam?

Bending stress is the internal stress in a beam caused by external loads. It is highest at the top and bottom surfaces (tension on one side, compression on the other) and zero at the center (neutral axis). The formula is stress = M*c/I, where M is moment, c is distance from neutral axis, and I is moment of inertia.

What is section modulus?

Section modulus (S) is a geometric property that measures a beam's resistance to bending. For a rectangular beam, S = width x depth squared / 6. A deeper beam has a much higher section modulus than a wider one, which is why beams are oriented with the longest dimension vertical.

How do I determine if a beam is strong enough?

Calculate the maximum bending stress and compare it to the material's allowable stress. For structural lumber, allowable stress ranges from 600-2,400 psi depending on grade and species. For steel, it is typically 21,600-30,000 psi. The calculated stress must be less than the allowable stress with a safety factor.